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Medical image retrieval plays a pivotal role in modern healthcare systems, aiding in clinical diagnosis, treatment planning, and research. Traditional retrieval systems often fall short in understanding complex queries and interpreting high-dimensional medical data. This paper proposes a novel 6D-based medical image retrieval framework leveraging multi-agent systems and deep learning language models for enhanced query understanding and processing. The 6D paradigm includes six dimensions: data, disease, diagnosis, device, depth (anatomical hierarchy), and dynamics (temporal aspects). Multi-agent collaboration enables distributed intelligent processing, while deep learning models such as BioBERT and CLIP enhance semantic understanding of multimodal queries. Experiments on benchmark datasets show a significant improvement in precision, recall, and semantic matching compared to conventional methods.